Device for feeding fluid to the motor portions of internal combustion engines



DEVICE FOR FEEDING FLUID TO THE MOTOR PORTIONS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINES Filed Feb. 8, 1935 Nov. 8, 1938. B. J. H'AsKlNs 2,136,079

IIIIIIIIHII IIII* ff i@ Patented Nov. 1938 y DEVICE FOR FEEDING FLUID TTHE M0- TOR PORTIONS 0F INTERNAL COMBUS- TION ENGINES Butler J. Haskins,Chicago, Ill., assignor to Joseph Weidenhoif Inc., Chicago, Ill., acorporation of Illinois Application February 8, 1935, Serial No. 5,546,17 Claims. (Cl. 12S-i198) 'I'he invention relates to a device fordetermining the quantity 4of liquid such as lubricant,.antiknockcompoundor carbon removing compound supplied to the motor portions of aninternal combustion engine, that is, to the combustion chambers and theparts exposed thereto.

An object of the invention is to perfect a novel and improved device ofthe character described delivering positively metered quantities ofliquid.

Another object is to provide a device of the character describedsupplying liquid to the motor portions in quantities proportional to theoperation of the motor as indicated by the fuel consumption thereof.

vg5' .Yet another object is to provide a device sup- Vplying liquid ,tothe motor portions in quantities substantially proportional to the fuelconsumption and injected through the intake manifold beyond thecarbureter.

A further object of the invention is to provide a device of thecharacter described having feeding means adapted readily to beincorporated in and actuated by the fuel pump now standard equipment onmost automobiles.

25 A further object is to provide a device of the character describedhaving a check-valve controlled chamber and a reciprocable displacementmember extending into the chamber and means for vreciprocating thedisplacement member oper- 30 ating positively to force the member intothe chamber to the linut of its movement andto withdraw the memberv onlyto an extent-proportional to the fuel consumption of the motor.

Yet a further object of the invention is to pro- 735 vide a device ofthe 4character described having means for injecting an increased amountof liquid upon starting of the motor. Otherobjects and advantageswillbecome apparent from. the following detailed description 40 taken inconnection with the accompanyingA drawinghixn which f c F1g.-\1 is adiagrammatic view showing a meter- 'ingdevice, embodying features of theinvention, connected to the fuel supplysystem of anl auto- 45 mobile.

Eig. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of a fuel pump having themetering means of the device incorporated therein. 1

50 iary reservoir shown in Fig. 1.

While the invention is susceptible of' various `modifications and`alternative constructions, it is shown herein andwill be describedhereinafter in a preferred embodiment. However, it is not intended thatthe invention is to be limited thereby Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional.View of the auxilto the specific 4construction disclosed but it isintended tov cover all modications and alternative constructions fallingwithin the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appendedclaims.

In the drawing, the invention is illustrated as` incorporated in a fuelpump 3 functioning to draw fuel from the supply tank 3 of an automobileand discharge the same to the carbureter 4 of the internal combustionengine, such a pump being common equipment on a large proportion of theautomobiles manufactured. The fuel pump comprises a casing 5, housing anoperating mechanism, and a cover 6 fitting over the top of the casingand providing the passages for the iiow of fuel through the pump.Clamped between the casing Sand the cover 6 is a fabric diaphragm 'lconstituting one wall of a pump chamber 8 located in the cover. Toprovide an intake passage, the cover 6 is formed with a threaded port 9for the reception of a pipe 9' leading to the fuel tank, and dependingfrom the cover, in communication with the port 9, is a fuel bowl I0 ofusual construction. From the fuel bowl the intake passage extendsupwardly through a bore II formed in a stud I2 on the cover and housinga disk check valve I3. The valve I3 seats on a shoulder I4 formed by areduction II of the bore in the Stud and is yieldably pressed againstthe seat by a coiled compression spring I5 abutting the valve I3 at oneend and a cap screw I 6, threaded'into the bore of the stud, at theother end. The inlet passageway is completed by a duct I'I communicatingat one end with the boreII and at the other end with the pump chamber 8.

Discharge from the pump chamber takes place through a bore I8 formed ina stud I9 on the cover and also housing a. disk check valve 20. Like-thevalve I3, the valve 20 seats on a Shoulder 2|, formed by a reduction inthe bore I8, and

is yieldably urged to seated position by a coiled compression spring 22abutting the valve at one end and at the other end abutting a cap screw23 threaded into and closing the bore in the stud.

The bore I8 communicates with a pipe 24 leading to the fuel bowl 4 ofc'bureter 4 and is controlled by the usual .float valve. It is believedapparent from the foregoing that the check valve I3 permitsow of fuelinto `the pump chamber 8 but preventsreturn flow and that check valve 20in the discharge passage prevents return flow into the pump chamber andpermits discharge therefrom but that such discharge is actuallycontrolled by theoat valve of the carbureter.

The diaphragm 1 is actuated to enlarge and decrease the size of the pumpchamber 8 thereby alternately to draw fuel through the intake passageand the check valve |3 and to discharge fuel through the dischargepassage and the check valve 20. This pulsating movement is imparted tothe diaphragm 1 by means of a rod 25 fast at its upper end with a. disk26 secured to the underside of the diaphragm 1` and at its lower endconnected to a lever 21 pivotedy on a pin 28. The disk 26 is attached tothe diaphragm by means of a second disk 26 disposed above the diaphragmand bolted to the disk 26. The rod 25 extends through an annular flange29 integral with a web portion of the casing 5 and forming a seat forone end of a coiled compression spring 30 which at its other end abutsthe disk 26 urging the diaphragm upwardly to decrease the size of thepump chamber and effect a discharge of fuel therefrom.

I'he rod 25 is moved downwardly positively but ,y is urged upwardly onlyby the yieldable force of the spring 30. To that end a crank 3| is alsopivoted on the pin 28 and has an arm 32 overlying the pivoted end of thelever 21 and an arm 33 extending outwardly of the housing 5 forengagement with a cam 34 of the engine to be supplied with liquid. Thusas the crank is rocked by the cam 34 in a. clockwise direction (Fig. 2)the arm 32 engages the lever 21 to draw the rod 25 downwardly but whenthe arm is rocked in a counterclockwise direction the arm 32 movesindependentlyof the lever 21. A spring 35 abutting the web portion ofthe casing 5 at one end and at the other end abutting a third arm 36 ofthe crank 3| retains the arm 33 in contact with the cam 34. A stud 35projecting from the web portion and a stud 36 on the arm 36 areencircled by the end coils of the spring to retain the same in place.

It is believed apparent from the foregoing that the rod 25 is repeatedlyand forcibly drawn downwardly to enlarge the pump chamber 8 and therebydraw fuel into the chamber. Upward movement of the rod, however, isimparted bythe spring 3|) entirely independently of the crank 3| anddependent upon the discharge of fuel from the pump chamber. Suchdischarge, as pointed out above, is controlled by the iioat valve of thecarbureter, discharge taking place when the float valve is opened Vandno discharge taking place when the float valve is closed. 'I'hus theextent of movement of the rod 25 is proportional to the fuel consumptionof the engine with which the pump is associated.

The fact that the rod 25 has a reciprocatory movement proportional tothe amount of fuel consumed is utilized in perfecting a simple devicehaving means for supplying quantities of liquid, such as lubricant etc.,to the motor portions of an engine in proportion to the amount of fuelconsumed. Hereinafter the phrase motor portions is intended to mean thecombustion chambers and parts exposed thereto. Herein the devicecomprises a supply reservoir 40, for lubricant, anti-knock compound,carbon removing compound or other liquid to be fed to the engine, whichis connected by means of a conduit 4| through suitable controlling meansgenerally designated 42 and conduit 43 to the intake manifold 44 of theengine.' Interposed between the conduits 4| and 43 and preferably housedwithin the casing 5 of the fuelV pump is the controlling means generallydesignated 42. This means comprises a short section of conduit 45, theinlet to which is controlled by a. check valve 48 and the outlet ofwhich is controlled by a check valve 41, and a plunger 48 projectinginto the section transversely thereof and connected to the rod 25. Aspring 49 urges the valve 46 to closed position and a spring 50 urgesthe valve 41 to closed position. The plunger 48 projects into theconduit section 45 through a housing 5| containing suitable packing toprevent escape of liquid around the plunger as it is reciprocated.

As the plunger 48 moves outwardly of the conduit section 45, due to adischarge of fuel from the pump chamber 8, resulting in an upwardmovement of the rod 25 proportional to the amount of fuel discharged,liquid iiows by gravity into the chamber formed between the check valves46 and 41. The spring 49 holding valve 46 closed is very weak so as tobe overcome by the weight of the column of liquid in the conduit 4|.Then as the crank 3| positively moves the rod 25 downwardly the plunger48 is forced into the conduit section 45 displacing a correspondingquantity of liquid which is discharged through the check valve 41 intoconduit 43.

Herein the conduit 43 terminates in a vertically disposed annular memberforming an auxiliary reservoir for storing an additional charge ofliquid to be injected upon starting of the motor. This annular memberprovides a branch passage 43 leading upwardly from conduit 43 whichcommunicates With a horizontal conduit 43 terminating in a nipple 55formed on a washer 56 inserted between the carbureter 4 and the intakemanifold 44. The conduit 43" communicates with branch 43 at a side orvertical portion of the annular member. A branch 43a, the remainder ofthe annular member, constitutes the auxiliary reservoir for storing theadditional charge of liquid. Interposed in the branch 43a of the annularmember just above the point of communicationy of the conduit 43" withthe branch 43 is a restricted orifice 51 providing for communication ofthe top of the branch 43"L with the intake manifold. This orifice is inthe nature of an air bleed connection for gradually transmitting thepressure or suction in the manifold to the top portion of the branch43a. The size of the orifice may be controlled by means of a needlevalve 58 threaded into a stud 59 formed on the annular member.'

The operation of the device briefly is as follows: reciprocation of theplunger 48 forces liquid from the chamber formed between check valves 46and '41 into the conduit 43, the liquid rising in the conduit andfilling the branches 43 and 43a to the level of the horizontal conduit43". Once the conduit has been filled to the top of the branch 43'further displacement of liquid by the plunger 48 causes a correspondingamount to overflow into the horizontal conduit 43" from where it isdrawn by suction into the manifold and the upper motor portions. Undernormal operating conditions the conduit 43 and branch 43 are filledapproximately to the top of the branch 43', the suction of the manifoldmerely drawing the liquid which overflows into the conduit 43" and beingincapable of lifting liquid from the branch 43'. Under normal operatingconditions the liquid in the branch 43a also is approximately at the`level of the conduit 43" because the suction inthe manifold has bledthrough the orifice 51 toequalize the depres-` sion in the upper portionof the branchfwith the depression in the manifold..

Upon stopping `of the, motor the Aircondition within the manifoldchanges from d epressiontor substantially` atmospherick pressure butthis change, due to the restricted orifice 5'1, is'not Vimmediatelycommunicated to the upper portion differential which causes the liquidin the branch 43* to rise slightly and the liquid in the branch in thebranches assume the same level.

43' to fall. This prevents discharge of liquid after the motor hasstopped. Gradually pressure equilibrium is again obtained between themanifold and the upper portion of the branch I3* by bleed through theorifice 51 and the liquids Upon starting of the motor the annular memberfunctions to inject an additional charge of liquid. Starting of themotor creates a depression in the manifold which is not immediatelycommunicated to the branch 43B. and as a result the liquid in the branch43 is under atmospheric pressure while the liquid in branch 43' is ln adepression. As a result the atmospheric pressure in the branch 431forces the liquid stored in the branch into the manifold thus providingan additional desirable quantity of liquid at that time. Upon continuedoperation of the motor the pressure again equalizes by bleed through theorifice 51 and as the pressure equalizes the liquids in the branchesseek the same level.

If the motor is running rapidly or under heavy load so as to'consume alarge quantity of fuel, the reciprocatory movement of the rod 25 iscorrespondingly large and each stroke of the plunger 48 will accordinglybe large and displace a corresponding amount of liquid. When the motoris idling and the fuel consumption is low, there is little movement Aofthe rod`25 and correspondingly the displacement by the plunger 48 issmaller and a smaller quantity of liquid is supplied to the upper motor.Thus it is apparent` that I have provided an extremely simple means forsupplying positively metered quantities of` liquid to the upper motor inproportion to the fuel consumption of the motor. Not only is the devicesimple but it is readily incorporated in present day equipment ofautomobiles with practically no modification of such equipment andutilizing the inherent movement of certain parts thereof.

I claim as my invention: l

l. A combined fuel pump and liquid feeding device comprising, incombination,v a casing, a cover for the casing having a recess therein,a diaphragm clamped between the casing and the cover to form one wall ofa fuel pumping chamber, an inlet passageway leading to said pumpingchamber, an outlet passageway communicating with the carbureter for theengine and controlled bythe float valve therein, a rod connected to saiddiaphragm, driving means forcibly and repeatedly moving said rod in adirection to enlarge the pumping chamber, resilient means urging saidrod in a direction to decrease the size of the pumping chamber to effectadischarge of fuel therefrom, a liquid supply reservoir, a conduitleading from said reservoir to the intakel Vmanifold of the enginetosupply variable quantities of liquid thereto, a portion of saidconduit being housed within the casing, means forming a chamber in thatportion of the conduit housed within the casing including a plungerconnected to said'rod and extending into the chamber to dischargequantities of liquid therefromyarying in accordance with the movement ofsaid rod and independently of the movement of said driving means.

2. A combined fuel pump and 'other liquid feeding device for an internalcombustion engine comprising in combination, a casing, a cover for thecasing having a recess therein, a exible I diaphragm secured between thecasing and the 4 cover forming one side of a fuel pumping chamber, aninlet passageway for the pumping chamber, a check valve in saidpassageway permitting flow of fuel to the chamber but preventing flow offuel therefrom, a discharge passageway communicating with a carbureterfoi` the engine and controlled by the float valve of the carbureter, acheck valve in said passageway permitting discharge from the pumpingchamber but preventing return fiow to the pumping chamber, a rodconnected to the said diaphragm, means adapted to be actuated bytheengine effective forcibly and repeatedly to move said rod to the limitof its movement in a direction to enlarge the pumping chamber, butineffective to move said rod in a direction to decrease the pumpingchamber, a spring urging said rod in a direction to decrease the pumpingchamber and discharge fuel'- therefrom, a liquid supply reservoir, aconduit leading from said reservoir to the upper motor portions of theengine to supply variable quantities "of liquid thereto, and meanscontrolling the flow of,

liquid through said conduit housed within the casing comprising asection of conduit forming' a chamber and a plunger extending into thechamber and directly connected to said-rod for movement with the rod. v.

3. A device for supplying lubricatingliquid to the motor portions vof aninternal combustion engine comprising a liquid reservoir, a conduitvleading from below the level ofthe liquid inth'e reservoir to the intakemanifold of-the' engine,

means responsive to the quantity of fuelcon.-` sumed by the engine, andmeansinterposed in.

said conduit operating positively to discharge to the manifoldquantities of liquid variable 'in proportion automatically to thequantity of fuel consumption of the engine as determined by said firstmentioned means. v, g

4. A device for supplying auxiliary liquid to the motor portions of aninternal combustion engine comprising a liquid reservoir, means leadingfrom the reservoir to the motor portions of the internal combustionengine and means for controlling the flow of liquid through said firstmentioned means comprising means for forming a chamber and a plungerextending into the chamber transversely thereof and reciprocable in apositive direction to discharge quantities of liquid therefrom andretractible in'a. negative direction to a variable extent, and meansresponsive to the quantity of fuel demanded by the engine controllingthe extent of retraction of said plunger. v

5. A device for supplying auxiliary liquid to the motor portions of aninternal combustion engine comprising a liquid reservoir, a conduitleading from the reservoir to the intake manifold of the engine, andmeans for controlling the flow of liquid through the conduit inproportion to the consumption of fuel by the engine comprising a pairof" check valves interposed in the .conduit forming a` chamber and areciprocating plunger extending into the chamber transversely thereof,the amplitude of reciprocation being determined in accordance with thequantity of fuel consumed to displace varying quantities of liquid.

6. A device for supplying auxiliary liquid to the motor portions of aninternal combustion engine comprising a liquid reservoir, a firstconduitcommunicating at one end with the reservoir, a sec- -ond conduitcommunicating at one end with the motor portions of the internalcombustion engine, a conduit section interposed between the remainingends of said conduits, a check valve permitting flow from the reservoirto said conduitsection but preventing return flow, a check valvepermitting flow from said conduit section to said second conduit butpreventing return ilow and a plunger extending into said conduit sectiontransversely thereof and reciprocable positively to discharge quantitiesof liquid from said conduit section and having its movement in anegative direction controlled by the quantity of fuel demanded by theengine.

7. A device for discharging liquid to the motor portions of an internalcombustion engine comprisingr a main liquid reservoir, means drawingliquid from said main reservoir and discharging the same in measured'quantities to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine andan auxiliary device including a reservoir connected between the intakemanifold and said discharging means for passing a supply of liquid tothe motor portions as determined by said discharging means and operatingupon starting of l the engine to discharge to the manifold a quantity ofliquid additional to that discharged by the first means.

8. A device for discharging quantities of liquid tothe motor portions ofan internal combustion engine comprising, in combination, a main liquidreservoir, means for controlling the quantity of liquid discharged, afirst conduit leading from said main reservoir to said controlling meansand ya second conduit leading from said controlling means to the lintakemanifold of the internal combustion engine, said second conduitincluding means providing an auxiliary liquid reservoir for passing anormal supply of liquid to the engine and operating to discharge anadded quantity of liquid upon starting of the engine.

9. A device for discharging liquid to the motor portions of an internalcombustion enginecomprising a main reservoir, means for controlling Athequantity of liquid supplied to the internal combustion engine, afirst'conduit connecting said main reservoir and said controlling means,a second conduit connecting said controlling means and the internalcombustion engine, and means including an auxiliary reservoir forpassing a normal supply of liquid to the engine and operating by thecreation of a pressure differential upon the starting of the engine toinject an additional quantity of liquid.

10. In a device for supplying liquid to the motor portions of aninternal combustion engine, means for controlling the quantity of liquiddis charged to the engine, a rst conduit communieating at one end withsaid means, a second conduit communicating at one end with the intakemanifold of the engine and a vertically disposed annular memberconnected to the remaining ends of said conduits to provide a doublepassage therebetween, said rst conduit communicating with said annularmember nearvthe lowermost portion thereof and said second conduitcommunicating with said member at one side thereof, dividing the memberthereby into a lower and upperypassage, the upper passage of said membercontaining a restricting orifice andthe other branch `passage beingunrestricted.

11. A combined fuel pump and device for con-L, trolling other liquidsupplied to an internal combustion engine comprising, in combination, acasing, means within the casing forming a pumping chamber, a dischargepassage leading from the pumping chamber to a carbureter for the engineand controlled by the float valve of the carbureter, means operable toforce fuel to the carbureter comprising a reciprocatable pump member anda constantly operating releasable power means for actuating said memberin a direction to f'lll the chamber, a resilient means for actuating themember independently of the power means and in a direction to empty thechamber, saidresilient means having the ampltude of its throw limited bythe flow of fuel to the carbureter, a fluid feeding means in the casinghaving a reciprocating element for supplying a fluid to the combustionportions of the engine, said element being directly and positively connected with the reciprocating member.

12. In combination with an internal combustion engine, a combined fuelpump and device for controlling other liquid supplied to the internalcombustion engine comprising, in combination, a casing, means within thecasing forming a pumping chamber, a discharge passage leading fromthepumping chamber to a carbureter for the engine and controlled by thefloat valve of the carbureter, means operable to move fuel to thecarbureter comprising a reciprocatable fluid delivery member in thevpump chamber, a lever operable to drive said member to a uniformretracted position and a resilient means for driving the member throughthe delivery stroke toa position determined in its amplitude by the fueldemand of the engine, a power means releasably engaging said lever todrive said delivery member to retracted position, and a fluid feedingmeans within the casing for supplying an auxiliary fluid in proportionto the fuel demand, said feeding means having a reciprocating elementfor moving the fluid, said element being impelled by the power meanswhen driving the fluid positively and moved by the resilient means tothe beginning of the stroke a distance in proportion to said fuel demandof the engine.

13. A combined fuel and auxiliary fluid supply system for a hydrocarboncombustion engine,

comprising a carbureter, a casing housing a fuel pump and an auxiliarypump, a first pumping member in the fuel' pump for driving the fuel, apower means for retracting the member preparatory to a pumping strokeand a resilient means associated with the member to supply the force forthepumping stroke to the exclusion of said power means, said resilientmeans being restricted in the amplitude of its stroke by the flow offuel through the carbureter, a second pumping member for driving thefuel through the auxiliary pump being positively and directly connectedto the first member and actuated in a pumping direction by the powermeans and retracted to a starting position by the resilient means of thefuel pump, and conduit means forI connecting the auxiliary pump with thecombustion portion of the engine.

14. A combined fuel pump and auxiliary fluid pump for a hydrocarboncombustion engine, a casing housing said; pumps, separate conduit meansfor connecting the pumps with the combustion portion of the engine, thefuel pump having a uid displacement member -for driving the fuel, apower means for retracting the member preparatory to a pumping strokeand a resilient means associated with the piston to supply the force forthe pumping stroke, a pumping element for driving the fuel in theauxiliary pump being directly connected to the fiuid displacement memberand actuated in a pumping direction by the power means and retracted toa starting p. sition by the resilient' means of the fuel pump. l

15. A combined fuel and auxiliary fluid supply system forl an enginecomprising a casing housing a fuel pump, a reciprocating displacementmember in the pump and .a releasable power means to move said member toa retracted po- V sition, a resilient means to thrust said memberthrough the pumping cycle independently of said power means, means forvarying the amplitude of the stroke of said member in proportion to thefuel demand of the engine, said fluid system including an auxiliary pumphoused in the casing and an auxiliary reservoir between said auxiliarypump and the engine, the auxiliary pump having a pumping elementdirectly and positively connected with the displacement member of thefuel pump and having the amplitude of its stroke automaticallydetermined by the variation of the stroke of thev displacement member,the auxiliary reservoir being in direct communication with the auxiliarypump and the engine and operable to continuously pass fluid to theengine at a rate automatically determined by the fuel consumption of theengine, said reservoir having a, lower free passage and an upperrestricted passage therein operable jointly as a storage chamber for anexcess quantity of fluid for immediate delivery upon the starting ofsaid engine.

. 16. A combined fuel and auxiliary fluid supply system for an enginecomprising a fuel pump, a reciprocating displacement member in the pump,a releasable power means to move said member to a retracted position anda resilient means to thrust said member through the pumping Acycleindependently of said power means, means for varying the amplitude ofthe throw of said member in proportion to the fuel demand of theengine,said fluid system comprising a fluid delivery member housed inthe casing and an auxiliary reservoir between said delivery member andthe engine, a plunger in the delivery member directly' connected withthe displacement member of the fuel pump and having the amplitude of itsstroke automatically determined by the displacement member, saidreservoir being in direct communication with the engine and operable tocontinuously pass fluid therethrough to the engine at a rate determinedby the fuel consumption of the engine, and means in the reservoiroperable to store an excess quantity of uid for immediate delivery uponthe starting of said engine.

17. The combination with a fuel pump, in a fuel feeding system of thecarburetion type for an internal combustion engine, having a memberreciprocable in proportion to the amount of fuel consumed, of a liquidfeeding device comprising a reservoir for a supply of liquid, meansincluding a conduit connecting the reservoir with the motor portions ofthe engine, and feeding means disposed in said conduit comprising meansforming a chamber and a plunger extending into said chamber andpositively and directly connected to said reciprocable member todisplace varyingl quantities of liquid dependable in magnitude upon themovement of the member.

BUTLER J. HASKINS.

